A failure of the tricuspid leaflets to attach to the annulus fibrosus will result in which of the following?
## **Core Concept**
The question tests understanding of **tricuspid valve** anatomy and its developmental aspects. The tricuspid valve, like other heart valves, develops from endocardial cushions. A failure in the proper formation or attachment of valve leaflets can lead to congenital heart anomalies.
## **Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer, , implies a condition where the tricuspid leaflets fail to properly attach to the annulus fibrosus, leading to **Ebstein's anomaly**. This congenital defect is characterized by the downward displacement of the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle, resulting from abnormal development of the tricuspid valve. The leaflets are often dysplastic and may be attached to the walls of the right ventricle or to the interventricular septum rather than the annulus fibrosus. This anomaly leads to a small, dysfunctional right ventricle and often results in right-sided heart failure symptoms.
## **Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
- **Option A:** This option does not directly relate to a well-known congenital heart defect involving the tricuspid valve's failure to attach properly to the annulus fibrosus.
- **Option B:** Similarly, this option does not describe a recognized consequence of tricuspid leaflet malattachment.
- **Option C:** This option might relate to other types of valve problems but does not accurately describe the consequence of tricuspid leaflet failure to attach to the annulus fibrosus.
## **Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key clinical pearl is that **Ebstein's anomaly** often presents with symptoms of right heart failure and may be associated with **WPW syndrome** (Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome) due to the presence of accessory electrical pathways. Early recognition and surgical intervention are crucial.
## **Correct Answer:** . Ebstein's anomaly