Treatment of obscessive-compulsive disorder includes :
**Core Concept**
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic neuropsychiatric condition characterized by recurring, intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) that an individual feels compelled to perform. The pathophysiology of OCD involves dysfunction in the cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuit, particularly the orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and basal ganglia.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the first-line treatment for OCD due to their efficacy in reducing symptoms. SSRIs work by increasing the levels of serotonin in the synaptic cleft, thereby enhancing serotonergic neurotransmission. This leads to a decrease in the activity of the CSTC circuit, which is thought to contribute to the reduction of obsessive and compulsive symptoms. Examples of SSRIs used in the treatment of OCD include fluoxetine, sertraline, and paroxetine.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because while benzodiazepines can provide temporary relief from anxiety symptoms, they are not a recommended treatment for OCD due to their potential for dependence and withdrawal.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because while antipsychotics may be used as an adjunct therapy for OCD in some cases, they are not a primary treatment option and can have significant side effects.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because while cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a effective treatment for OCD, it is a non-pharmacological approach and not a medication.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The response to SSRI treatment in OCD can be slow, with some patients taking several weeks to months to show significant symptom improvement. Therefore, it is essential to monitor patients closely and adjust treatment plans as needed.
**Correct Answer: C. Fluoxetine**