Which one of the following is the treatment of choice for Kawasaki’s diseases?
**Core Concept**
Kawasaki disease is an acute, febrile, mucocutaneous condition primarily affecting children, characterized by vasculitis of the medium-sized arteries, particularly the coronary arteries. The treatment of choice aims to reduce the risk of coronary artery aneurysms and other cardiovascular complications.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is the primary treatment for Kawasaki disease, administered within the first 10 days of illness. IVIG works by modulating the immune response, reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and preventing the activation of T cells and macrophages. This results in a decrease in the incidence of coronary artery aneurysms and other cardiovascular complications.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Aspirin is used as an anti-inflammatory agent in Kawasaki disease, but it is not the treatment of choice. It is used in conjunction with IVIG to reduce inflammation and prevent coronary artery aneurysms.
**Option B:** Corticosteroids are not the primary treatment for Kawasaki disease, although they may be used in some cases to reduce inflammation.
**Option C:** Cyclophosphamide is an immunosuppressive agent that is not typically used in the treatment of Kawasaki disease.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The timing of IVIG administration is crucial, as it should be given within the first 10 days of illness to be effective in reducing the risk of coronary artery aneurysms.
**Correct Answer:** B. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)