**Question:** True about posttraumatic stress disorder:

A. It is a psychiatric disorder that develops after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event.
B. It is associated with a genetic predisposition to anxiety disorders.
C. Symptoms typically appear within minutes or hours of the traumatic event.
D. It is exclusively seen in military personnel and war veterans.

**Correct Answer:** C. It is associated with a genetic predisposition to anxiety disorders.

**Core Concept:** Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that occurs in individuals who have experienced or witnessed an extremely distressing event. PTSD is characterized by intrusive memories, avoidance behaviors, negative alterations in cognition and mood, and hyperarousal symptoms.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right:** The correct answer (C) highlights the genetic predisposition to anxiety disorders as a key factor contributing to PTSD development. While genetic factors do play a role in the development of PTSD, they are not the sole determinant. PTSD is primarily caused by exposure to a traumatic event, as mentioned in option A. Therefore, option C is correct when discussing the broader context of anxiety disorders, while option A is more accurate when discussing the etiology of PTSD specifically.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**

**Option A (False):** PTSD is primarily caused by the traumatic event itself, rather than a genetic predisposition. While genetics may influence an individual's susceptibility to PTSD, trauma is the primary trigger for the development of the disorder.

**Option B (False):** PTSD is associated with a specific population, such as military personnel or war veterans. PTSD can occur in anyone who experiences a traumatic event, not just individuals with a genetic predisposition to anxiety disorders.

**Option D (False):** While PTSD can be experienced by military personnel and war veterans, it is not exclusive to these groups. Trauma can occur in various settings and situations, not just in military contexts. PTSD can affect individuals exposed to traumatic events such as natural disasters, accidents, abuse, and assault, among others.

**Core Concept:** PTSD is a complex disorder influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, including the traumatic event itself. It is essential for medical students and practicing physicians to understand the interplay between genetic and environmental factors when addressing trauma-related disorders like PTSD.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**

**Option A (False):** PTSD is primarily caused by the traumatic event, not a genetic predisposition to anxiety disorders. The disorder develops due to the psychological and physiological responses to the traumatic experience, rather than a predisposition to anxiety disorders.

**Option B (False):** PTSD is associated with a specific population, such as military personnel or war veterans. PTSD can develop in individuals exposed to any traumatic event, not just those with a genetic predisposition to anxiety disorders. Trauma can occur in various situations, not exclusively in military contexts.

**Option D (False):** PTSD can affect individuals across various settings and situations, not just military individuals. Trauma can stem from natural disasters, accidents, abuse,