The most common complication of transurethral resection of prostate (TURP)
**Core Concept**
The most common complication of transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) is related to fluid absorption during the procedure, leading to a condition known as Transurethral Resection of the Prostate Syndrome (TURP syndrome). This syndrome is characterized by fluid overload, electrolyte disturbances, and cardiovascular instability.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
TURP syndrome occurs when large amounts of irrigation fluid are absorbed during the procedure, leading to an increase in intravascular volume. This can cause a shift in the osmotic balance, leading to the movement of water into the vascular compartment, resulting in fluid overload. The absorbed fluid is typically a hypotonic solution, which can lead to hyponatremia. Additionally, the absorbed fluid can also cause a decrease in oncotic pressure, leading to edema and potentially life-threatening complications.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Hemorrhage is a potential complication of TURP, but it is not the most common complication. Hemorrhage can occur due to the disruption of blood vessels during the procedure, but it is typically managed with catheterization and irrigation.
**Option B:** Urinary incontinence is a potential long-term complication of TURP, but it is not the most common complication. Urinary incontinence can occur due to the disruption of the urethral sphincter or the bladder neck, but it is typically seen in the months following the procedure.
**Option C:** Bladder neck contracture is a potential complication of TURP, but it is not the most common complication. Bladder neck contracture can occur due to scarring and fibrosis at the bladder neck, but it is typically seen in the months or years following the procedure.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The risk of TURP syndrome can be minimized by carefully monitoring fluid absorption during the procedure, using a low-volume irrigation fluid, and avoiding the use of hypotonic solutions.
**Correct Answer: A. TURP syndrome**