In transposition of great vessels, all are true except –a) Aorta arises from the right ventricleb) Mitral valve is continuous with the aortic valvec) Causes jaundice immediately after birthd) None of the above

**Core Concept**
Transposition of great vessels is a congenital heart defect where the two main arteries that carry blood out of the heart are reversed. This results in the aorta arising from the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery arising from the left ventricle, leading to parallel circuits of blood flow rather than a normal series circuit.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
In transposition of great vessels, the aorta arises from the right ventricle due to abnormal development of the embryonic heart. This is because the right ventricle is the normal origin of the aorta in the embryonic heart. The mitral valve is indeed continuous with the aortic valve, as both are part of the common atrioventricular canal in the embryonic heart. However, transposition of great vessels does not typically cause jaundice immediately after birth, as the liver function is not directly affected by this condition. The liver may be affected in other types of congenital heart defects, such as tricuspid atresia or Ebstein's anomaly.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** The statement that the aorta arises from the right ventricle is actually true in the context of transposition of great vessels, so this option is incorrect.
**Option B:** The mitral valve is indeed continuous with the aortic valve in the embryonic heart, so this statement is also true and incorrect as an option.
**Option C:** Transposition of great vessels does not typically cause jaundice immediately after birth, making this statement incorrect.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to remember that transposition of great vessels is often associated with other congenital heart defects, and the presence of cyanosis or oxygen saturation below 85% in a newborn should raise suspicion for this condition.

**Correct Answer:** D. None of the above