**Core Concept**
Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn (TTNB) is a self-limiting respiratory condition that occurs in newborns, characterized by rapid breathing rates due to delayed clearance of fetal lung fluid. This condition is often seen in infants born by cesarean section, as the lack of the initial respiratory distress associated with vaginal delivery may delay the onset of the normal postnatal adaptation to extrauterine life.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The pathophysiology of TTNB involves the delayed reabsorption of fetal lung fluid, which leads to increased pulmonary capillary pressure and fluid accumulation. This condition is often associated with an impaired ability to clear lung fluid due to the immaturity of the lymphatic system in neonates. The correct answer is related to the underlying pathophysiology of TTNB.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This option is incorrect as TTNB is not primarily caused by a lack of surfactant production in the newborn's lungs. Surfactant deficiency is associated with Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS).
* **Option B:** This option is incorrect as TTNB is not characterized by a significant increase in pulmonary resistance. Instead, it is associated with an impaired ability to clear lung fluid.
* **Option C:** This option is incorrect as TTNB is not primarily caused by an infection. It is a self-limiting condition that resolves within 24-48 hours without the need for antibiotic therapy.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Newborns delivered by cesarean section are at an increased risk of developing TTNB due to the delayed onset of the normal postnatal adaptation to extrauterine life.

**Correct Answer:** C.