Transfer of the graft of different species are called as
Autografts are from the same individual, like taking skin from one part of the body to another. Allografts are from a different human, such as a bone graft from a cadaver. Xenografts are from a different species, like using a pig's heart valve in a human. Isografts are between genetically identical individuals, like identical twins.
The question asks for the term when the graft is from a different species. So xenografts fit here. The options given are A, B, C, D, but the correct answer is xenograft. The other options would be the other types. For example, if option C is xenograft, then that's the correct one. The distractors would be autograft, allograft, and isograft. Each of those is incorrect because they refer to different donor sources. The clinical pearl here is that xenografts are used in some cases but have higher rejection rates, so they're important to differentiate for exams.
**Core Concept**
The question tests knowledge of graft classification based on donor species. *Xenografts* involve tissue transfer between different species, a critical concept in transplantation immunology.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
A xenograft (cross-species graft) is defined as tissue transplanted from a donor of one species to a recipient of another (e.g., porcine heart valves in humans). This type of graft triggers a strong immune response due to interspecies antigen differences, necessitating aggressive immunosuppression.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** *Autograft* refers to tissue transplanted within the same individual (e.g., skin graft from leg to arm). **Option B:** *Allograft* involves tissue from a genetically non-identical member of the same species (e.g., human bone graft). **Option D:** *Isograft* is tissue between genetically identical individuals (e.g., identical twins).
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Remember the mnemonic **"AXI A"**: **A**utograft (A), **X**enograft (X), **I**sograft (I), **A**llograft (A). Xenografts are high-yield for exams and clinical relevance due to their use in emergency transplants and research.
**Correct Answer: C. Xenograft**