**Core Concept**
Tourette syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by repetitive, stereotyped, involuntary movements and vocalizations known as tics. These tics can be both motor (movement-based) and vocal, and they typically begin in childhood or adolescence.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Tourette syndrome is a type of tic disorder, which is a spectrum of conditions that involve involuntary movements and vocalizations. The exact pathophysiology of Tourette syndrome is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve abnormalities in the brain's basal ganglia and neurotransmitter systems, particularly dopamine. The diagnosis of Tourette syndrome is based on the presence of multiple motor and vocal tics that have been present for at least one year, with an onset before age 18.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Tourette syndrome is not a type of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), although some individuals with Tourette syndrome may also have symptoms of OCD.
**Option B:** Tourette syndrome is not a type of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), although some individuals with ASD may also have symptoms of Tourette syndrome or other tic disorders.
**Option C:** Tourette syndrome is not a type of schizophrenia, which is a separate psychiatric disorder characterized by hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to remember that Tourette syndrome is a chronic condition that requires ongoing management and support. Individuals with Tourette syndrome may experience significant distress and impairment in their daily lives, and early diagnosis and treatment can help alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life.

**Correct Answer: C. Tourette syndrome is a type of tic disorder.**