Total osmolarity of WHO-New formula- low osmolality ORS is
**Core Concept**
The World Health Organization (WHO) introduced the new low-osmolality oral rehydration solution (ORS) formula in 2002 to provide a more effective and safer treatment for dehydration caused by diarrhea. The new formula aims to reduce the osmotic load on the small intestine, promoting better absorption of electrolytes and water.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The WHO-New formula low-osmolality ORS has a total osmolarity of 245 mOsm/L. This reduced osmolarity helps to minimize the movement of water from the intestinal lumen into the bloodstream, thereby reducing the risk of hyponatremia and improving the absorption of glucose and electrolytes. The formula contains 75 mmol/L of sodium, 20 mmol/L of potassium, and 10 mmol/L of citrate, which contribute to its reduced osmolarity.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because the WHO-New formula low-osmolality ORS has a higher sodium concentration than the older formulas, but its total osmolarity is lower.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because the total osmolarity of the WHO-New formula low-osmolality ORS is not within the range of 200-250 mOsm/L.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because the WHO-New formula low-osmolality ORS does not contain a higher concentration of potassium.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The WHO-New formula low-osmolality ORS has been shown to reduce the risk of hyponatremia and improve the outcome of patients with severe dehydration. It is essential to administer the correct concentration of electrolytes to avoid exacerbating dehydration.
**Correct Answer: C. 245 mOsm/L**