Topical sodium cromoglycate is used in the treatment of –
**Core Concept**
Topical sodium cromoglycate is a mast cell stabilizer that prevents the release of histamine and other mediators from mast cells, thereby inhibiting the allergic response.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Sodium cromoglycate works by stabilizing the mast cell membrane and preventing the release of histamine, a potent vasodilator and smooth muscle contractor. This action inhibits the inflammatory response and reduces symptoms associated with allergic reactions, such as itching, redness, and swelling. By inhibiting the release of histamine, sodium cromoglycate also reduces the production of other mediators, including leukotrienes and prostaglandins.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because sodium cromoglycate is not a corticosteroid, which is a different class of anti-inflammatory medication. Corticosteroids work by suppressing the immune system and reducing inflammation, whereas sodium cromoglycate works by stabilizing mast cells and preventing the release of histamine.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because sodium cromoglycate is not an antihistamine, which is a medication that blocks the action of histamine at the histamine receptor. Antihistamines are often used to treat allergic reactions, but they do not prevent the release of histamine from mast cells.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because sodium cromoglycate is not a decongestant, which is a medication that reduces nasal congestion by constricting blood vessels in the nasal passages. Decongestants do not prevent the release of histamine from mast cells.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Sodium cromoglycate is often used in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis and vernal keratoconjunctivitis, and is also used in the treatment of asthma and other respiratory conditions. It is a useful medication for patients who are sensitive to corticosteroids or who require long-term anti-inflammatory therapy.
**Correct Answer:** C. Allergic conjunctivitis