A serious coagulopathy characterized by severe thrombocytopenia and haemorrhage due to platelet trapping within the tumor is called
**Question:** A serious coagulopathy characterized by severe thrombocytopenia and haemorrhage due to platelet trapping within the tumor is called
A. Pseudo-Pseudo-Pseudo-Pseudo-Pseudo
B. Thrombocytopenia
C. Acquired Hemophilia
D. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
**Correct Answer:** .
**Core Concept:**
Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by a decrease in platelet count, which can be primary (e.g., immune-mediated disorders like immune thrombocytopenia) or secondary (e.g., liver disease, drug-induced). Haemorrhagic manifestations often occur when platelet count drops below a certain threshold. Platelet trapping within a tumor is a mechanism seen in some cases, particularly when the tumor releases substances that promote platelet adhesion and aggregation.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right:**
The correct answer, D. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), is a specific type of immune-mediated thrombocytopenia. Heparin, a commonly used anticoagulant, can interact with antibodies against platelet factor 4 (PF4) complexed with heparin, leading to platelet activation and destruction. This results in severe thrombocytopenia and increased risk of bleeding, including in the context of platelet trapping within a tumor.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**
A. The incorrect options are not specific to thrombocytopenia caused by platelet trapping within a tumor. They refer to different types of thrombocytopenia without this specific mechanism.
B. Thrombocytopenia is a general term for low platelet count but does not specifically address the mechanism of platelet trapping within a tumor.
C. Acquired Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder caused by autoantibodies against clotting factor VIII or IX, not platelet trapping within a tumor.
**Clinical Pearl:**
In patients with unexplained thrombocytopenia and hemorrhagic manifestations, particularly in the context of a known heparin use, HIT must be considered. This is particularly important in cancer patients with tumor lysis syndrome and platelet trapping within the tumor. Early recognition and discontinuation of heparin therapy can prevent severe complications and save lives.