In PCR Acquaticus thermophilus is preferred over E.coli. because –
## Core Concept
The question pertains to the molecular biology technique of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and the characteristics of the enzymes used in this process. Specifically, it focuses on the properties of DNA polymerases derived from *Acquaticus thermophilus* (also known as *Thermus aquaticus*) and *E. coli*, and why one is preferred over the other in PCR.
## Why the Correct Answer is Right
The correct answer hinges on the thermostability of the DNA polymerase enzyme. *Acquaticus thermophilus* (or *Thermus aquaticus*) DNA polymerase, also known as Taq polymerase, is a thermostable enzyme. This means it can withstand the high temperatures required for the denaturation step of PCR, where the DNA double helix is melted into two single strands. This property allows Taq polymerase to remain active throughout the PCR process, which involves repeated cycles of high-temperature denaturation, annealing, and extension. In contrast, *E. coli* DNA polymerase is not thermostable and would denature and become inactive at the high temperatures used in PCR.
## Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect
- **Option A:** This option is blank and does not provide a reason.
- **Option B:** Similarly, this option is blank and lacks any relevant information.
- **Option C:** This option is also blank.
- **Option D:** This option is blank as well.
## Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact
A crucial point to remember is that the use of *Thermus aquaticus*-derived Taq polymerase is essential for the automation of PCR. This is because the process requires an enzyme that can survive the high temperatures (typically around 95Β°C) needed for DNA denaturation. This characteristic significantly simplifies and standardizes the PCR process, making it a cornerstone of modern molecular biology.
## Correct Answer: D.
(Assuming D corresponds to "because it is thermostable")