**Core Concept**
Tetanus is a neurotoxin-mediated disease caused by the bacterium *Clostridium tetani*. The pathogenesis involves the production of tetanospasmin, a potent neurotoxin that blocks the release of neurotransmitters responsible for inhibitory functions in the central nervous system, leading to muscle rigidity and spasms.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Tetanospasmin, the primary neurotoxin responsible for the symptoms of tetanus, specifically targets and cleaves the vesicle-associated protein (VAMP) and synaptobrevin, preventing the release of neurotransmitters such as glycine and GABA. This results in an imbalance of neurotransmitter release, leading to the characteristic muscle stiffness and spasms. The toxin's mechanism of action is critical in understanding the disease's pathophysiology.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Tetanus is caused by a viral infection.
* Incorrect because tetanus is caused by the bacterium *Clostridium tetani*, not a virus.

**Option B:** Tetanus is primarily a disease of the gastrointestinal tract.
* Incorrect because tetanus primarily affects the nervous system, leading to muscle rigidity and spasms.

**Option C:** Tetanus is typically spread through respiratory droplets.
* Incorrect because tetanus is typically acquired through cutaneous wounds contaminated with the bacterium *Clostridium tetani*.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Tetanus is a vaccine-preventable disease, and the tetanus toxoid vaccine has been instrumental in reducing the incidence of tetanus worldwide. It is essential for all individuals to maintain up-to-date vaccination status, especially after injuries or wounds.

**Correct Answer: C. Tetanus is typically acquired through cutaneous wounds contaminated with the bacterium Clostridium tetani.**