**Core Concept**
The treatment of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) involves a combination of medications that reduce acid production, protect the gastric mucosa, and promote healing. This approach aims to alleviate symptoms, prevent complications, and promote ulcer healing.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The cornerstone of PUD treatment is the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), which irreversibly inhibit the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme in the gastric parietal cells. This enzyme is responsible for pumping hydrogen ions into the gastric lumen, creating an acidic environment that facilitates ulcer formation. By blocking this enzyme, PPIs reduce gastric acid secretion, allowing the ulcer to heal. Additionally, PPIs promote the release of growth factors that stimulate ulcer healing and protect the gastric mucosa.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Histamine-2 (H2) receptor antagonists, such as ranitidine, are indeed used to treat PUD, but they are not the primary choice due to their lower efficacy compared to PPIs.
**Option B:** Antacids, such as aluminum hydroxide, provide temporary relief by neutralizing gastric acid but do not promote ulcer healing.
**Option C:** Prostaglandin E2 analogs, such as misoprostol, can protect the gastric mucosa but are not the primary treatment for PUD.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
PPIs should be continued for at least 8 weeks to ensure complete ulcer healing and to prevent recurrence.

**Correct Answer: B. Antacids, such as aluminum hydroxide, provide temporary relief by neutralizing gastric acid but do not promote ulcer healing.**