**Core Concept**
The superior vesical arteries are branches that supply blood to the urinary bladder, playing a crucial role in maintaining its function and integrity. These arteries arise from the anterior division of the internal iliac artery, which is a key branch of the aorta.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The superior vesical arteries arise directly from the anterior division of the internal iliac artery. This artery is responsible for supplying blood to the pelvic organs, including the urinary bladder, prostate gland, and uterus in females. The internal iliac artery branches into two main divisions: anterior and posterior. The superior vesical arteries originate from the anterior division, which also gives rise to other branches that supply the pelvic structures.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option would be incorrect as the superior vesical arteries do not arise from the common iliac artery, which supplies blood to the lower extremities and external genitalia.
**Option B:** This option is also incorrect as the middle rectal arteries, which supply the rectum, arise from the internal iliac artery but not from the same division as the superior vesical arteries.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect as the obturator artery, which supplies the obturator internus muscle and surrounding structures, arises from the anterior division of the internal iliac artery but is not related to the superior vesical arteries.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The superior vesical arteries are often involved in conditions such as pelvic trauma or cancer, which can lead to bladder ischemia or infarction. Understanding the blood supply to the urinary bladder is essential in managing these conditions.

**Correct Answer: D. Internal iliac artery.