**Core Concept**
Hemophilia is a group of genetic disorders characterized by impaired blood clotting due to deficiencies in either factor VIII (hemophilia A) or factor IX (hemophilia B). The mode of inheritance in hemophilia is X-linked recessive, meaning the genes responsible for the condition are located on the X chromosome.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
In X-linked recessive inheritance, males have only one X chromosome, making them more susceptible to the condition since a single mutation in the gene can cause the condition. Females, on the other hand, have two X chromosomes, which provides a degree of protection against the condition. If a female inherits a mutated gene, she may be a carrier but will not develop the condition herself. However, she has a 50% chance of passing the mutated gene to each of her offspring, who may then develop the condition.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This option is incorrect because hemophilia does not follow an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance, where a single copy of the mutated gene can cause the condition.
* **Option B:** This option is incorrect because hemophilia does not follow an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance, where an individual must inherit two copies of the mutated gene (one from each parent) to develop the condition.
* **Option C:** This option is incorrect because hemophilia does not follow a mitochondrial inheritance pattern, which is characteristic of conditions that affect the mitochondria, the energy-producing structures within cells.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Hemophilia A and B are two distinct types of hemophilia, with hemophilia A being the more common form, accounting for approximately 80% of cases. The condition is characterized by prolonged bleeding, particularly into joints and muscles, which can lead to chronic pain and disability.

**Correct Answer: C. X-linked recessive.**