The ‘Iris lesions ’ are pathognomonic of
**Core Concept**
The term 'iris lesions' refers to specific abnormalities or changes observed in the iris, which is the colored part of the eye. These lesions can be indicative of various ocular and systemic conditions. In the context of ocular medicine, iris lesions are often associated with conditions that affect the anterior segment of the eye.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is associated with Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis, a form of uveitis characterized by chronic inflammation of the iris and ciliary body. The iris lesions in Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis are typically heterochromic, with one iris color being different from the other. This condition is often bilateral but asymmetric, and the heterochromia may be more pronounced in one eye. The exact cause of Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis is unknown, but it is thought to be related to an autoimmune response.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis is not typically associated with acute angle-closure glaucoma, which is characterized by a sudden increase in intraocular pressure and is often caused by pupillary block.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because granulomatous uveitis, such as that seen in sarcoidosis, typically presents with a different type of iris lesion, including nodules or plaques.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because posterior uveitis, such as that seen in toxoplasmosis, typically presents with retinochoroiditis rather than iris lesions.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis is often associated with a quiet, painless, and chronic course, which can make it challenging to diagnose. A high level of suspicion is required, especially in patients with heterochromia or asymmetric iris coloration.
**Correct Answer:** D. Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis.