The following vaccine is developed against cholera –
**Core Concept**
The question is related to cholera vaccination, specifically targeting the causative agent of the disease, Vibrio cholerae. Cholera is a diarrheal disease caused by the ingestion of food or water contaminated with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct vaccine against cholera is the oral cholera vaccine (OCV), which is a live, attenuated vaccine that contains two strains of Vibrio cholerae. The vaccine stimulates the body's immune system to produce antibodies against the toxin that causes cholera, thereby preventing the disease. The OCV is administered orally, typically in two doses, one to two weeks apart.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect as it does not specify the type of vaccine against cholera. While there are various vaccines available, the oral cholera vaccine (OCV) is the most commonly used and effective vaccine against cholera.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect as it does not mention the correct type of vaccine. The inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) is used against poliomyelitis, not cholera.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect as it does not specify the type of vaccine against cholera. The BCG vaccine is used against tuberculosis, not cholera.
**Option D:** This option is incorrect as it does not specify the type of vaccine against cholera. The Hib vaccine is used against Haemophilus influenzae type b, a bacterial infection that can cause severe illness, particularly in children.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The oral cholera vaccine (OCV) is a live, attenuated vaccine that provides long-term protection against cholera, typically lasting for 3-5 years. It is recommended for individuals traveling to areas where cholera is common, as well as for people living in areas with ongoing cholera outbreaks.
**Correct Answer:** C.