**Core Concept**
Prevalence and incidence are two fundamental epidemiological measures used to describe the burden of disease in a population. Prevalence refers to the total number of cases of a disease in a population at a specific point in time, while incidence measures the number of new cases that occur within a specified time period.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Incidence is a measure of the risk of developing a new case of a disease within a population, whereas prevalence takes into account both new and existing cases. The key difference lies in the fact that incidence rates are often used to track the trend of a disease over time, whereas prevalence rates are used to understand the total burden of disease in a population.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect as it confuses the definitions of prevalence and incidence. Prevalence is not a measure of the risk of developing a new case of a disease.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect as it reverses the roles of prevalence and incidence. Incidence is not the measure of the total number of cases of a disease in a population at a specific point in time.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect as it fails to distinguish between the two measures. Both prevalence and incidence are essential in understanding the epidemiology of a disease, but they serve different purposes.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A useful mnemonic to remember the difference between prevalence and incidence is "Prevalence is a snapshot, while Incidence is a movie" - Prevalence captures the total number of cases at a point in time, whereas incidence tracks the new cases over time.

**Correct Answer:** None