The following hepatitis virus is transmitted by faeco-oral route:
**Core Concept**
The hepatitis viruses are a group of highly infectious agents that cause liver inflammation and damage. They can be transmitted through various routes, including parenteral (blood-to-blood), sexual, and feco-oral transmission.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is primarily transmitted through the feco-oral route, where the virus is shed in the stool of infected individuals and can be ingested by others through contaminated food or water, or through direct contact with an infected person. This mode of transmission is similar to that of other enteric pathogens such as norovirus and rotavirus.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is primarily transmitted through parenteral routes, such as blood-to-blood contact through needle sharing or mother-to-child transmission during birth.
**Option B:** Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is also primarily transmitted through parenteral routes, such as needle sharing or blood transfusions.
**Option C:** Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is transmitted through the feco-oral route, but it is more commonly associated with contaminated water and food in developing countries, whereas Hepatitis A is more commonly seen in developed countries.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Hepatitis A is typically self-limiting and does not progress to chronic liver disease, whereas Hepatitis B and C can lead to chronic infection and liver cirrhosis.
**Correct Answer: D. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is also a candidate here but the best answer is Hepatitis A (not provided in options)