The following are true regarding Lyme’s Disease, EXCEPT:
**Core Concept**
Lyme disease is a tick-borne zoonotic infection caused by the bacterium *Borrelia burgdorferi*, transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected blacklegged tick (*Ixodes scapularis*). The disease manifests in three stages: early localized, early disseminated, and late disseminated, with various symptoms and complications.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is **B.** because the statement is false. Lyme disease is primarily caused by the bacterium *Borrelia burgdorferi* and less commonly by *Borrelia mayonii*. *Borrelia afzelii* and *Borrelia garinii* are also known to cause Lyme disease, but they are more commonly associated with European Lyme disease. The primary vector for Lyme disease is the blacklegged tick (*Ixodes scapularis*), but the western blacklegged tick (*Ixodes pacificus*) can also transmit the disease in western regions of North America.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This statement may be true, as Lyme disease is indeed a tick-borne infection. However, it is not the correct answer because Lyme disease is not the only tick-borne infection.
* **Option C:** This statement is also true, as Lyme disease is a bacterial infection caused by *Borrelia burgdorferi*.
* **Option D:** This statement is true as well, as the blacklegged tick (*Ixodes scapularis*) is the primary vector for Lyme disease in the United States.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
To diagnose Lyme disease, a combination of clinical assessment, laboratory tests (such as ELISA and Western blot), and serological tests are used. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend a two-tiered approach for serological testing, starting with a sensitive ELISA or immunofluorescence assay (IFA) followed by a confirmatory Western blot.
**Correct Answer:**
* Correct Answer: B.