**Question:** The components of Meig's syndrome are:

A. Pleural effusion
B. Ectopic pregnancy
C. Ovarian tumor (usually a borderline serous cystadenoma)
D. Flare-up of systemic lupus erythematosus

**Core Concept:**
Meig's syndrome is a rare clinical entity characterized by the association of pleural effusion with ovarian tumor and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). These components are crucial for understanding the syndrome and its diagnosis.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right:**

C. Ovarian tumor (usually a borderline serous cystadenoma): Meig's syndrome is often associated with ovarian borderline serous cystadenomas, which are benign tumors. These tumors can lead to the production of hormones and substances that cause pleural effusion and SLE flare-up.

D. Flare-up of systemic lupus erythematosus: SLE is an autoimmune disease that affects multiple organs, including the kidneys, joints, and skin. In Meig's syndrome, the presence of SLE flare-up can be due to the tumor-induced hormonal changes and inflammation, which may trigger SLE symptoms.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**

A. Pleural effusion: Pleural effusion can be present in other conditions, such as congestive heart failure, tuberculosis, or malignancies. In Meig's syndrome, it is associated with the tumor and SLE, making C the correct answer.

B. Ectopic pregnancy: Ectopic pregnancy is a separate entity characterized by pregnancy outside the uterus, often in the fallopian tube. It is not a component of Meig's syndrome.

**Clinical Pearl:**

Meig's syndrome is a unique presentation of ovarian tumors, SLE, and pleural effusion. Recognizing these components is essential for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management of the patient. Obtaining a thorough medical history, clinical examination, and imaging studies can help identify these components, leading to the correct diagnosis and treatment plan.