**Core Concept**
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to remove kidney stones larger than 2 cm. It involves making a small incision in the back to insert a scope and instruments to break up and remove the stone. Like any surgical procedure, PCNL carries risks and potential complications.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer will be a complication that is not typically associated with PCNL surgery. PCNL is generally a safe procedure, but it can be associated with bleeding, infection, and injury to surrounding structures. However, certain complications are more common in other surgical procedures. For example, bowel injury is more commonly associated with open surgery rather than minimally invasive procedures like PCNL.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** **Option A:** Hematoma is a possible complication of PCNL due to bleeding from the kidney or surrounding tissues.
**Option B:** **Option B:** Infection is a risk with any surgical procedure, including PCNL, due to the introduction of foreign objects and potential bacterial contamination.
**Option C:** **Option C:** Injury to surrounding structures, such as the spleen or liver, can occur during PCNL due to the proximity of these organs to the kidney.
**Option D:** **Option D:** Bowel injury is a rare but possible complication of open surgery, but it is not typically associated with PCNL due to its minimally invasive nature.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential for surgeons and urologists to be aware of the potential complications of PCNL and take steps to minimize them, such as using imaging guidance and monitoring for signs of bleeding or infection.

**Correct Answer: D. Bowel injury is a rare but possible complication of open surgery, but it is not typically associated with PCNL due to its minimally invasive nature.**