The best advice to be given to a patient of newly diagnosed type 2 Diabetes mellitus-
Correct Answer: Exercise
Description: All patients with diabetes should be advised to achieve a significant level of physical activity and to maintain this in the long term. This can include activities such as walking, gardening, swimming or cycling. Supervised and structured exercise programmes may be of paicular benefit to people with type 2 diabetes. Various guidelines exist for physical activity in the general population. Those from the US Depament of Health and Human services (2008) suggest that adults (18-64 years) should build up to achieve a weekly minimum of 2.5 hours of moderate-intensity exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity exercise, or a combination thereof. The aerobic (moderate-intensity) activity should be performed for at least 10 minutes each time and spread throughout the week, with at least 30 minutes on at least 5 days of the week. Older adults should also follow these guidelines as far as their abilities allow. Recently, it has also been suggested that a combination of both aerobic and resistance exercise may lead to greater improvements in glycaemic control. In type 1 diabetes, exercise can increase the risk of hypoglycaemia, so patients should seek specialist advice on taking extra carbohydrate, reducing insulin doses and choosing an injection site. DAVIDSONS PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF MEDICINE 22ND EDITION PAGE NO-821
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