Target or Iris lesion is seen in –
Target or Iris lesions are classic signs in dermatology. I remember that these terms are used to describe specific skin lesions. The target lesion is a hallmark of erythema multiforme, which is an immune-mediated condition often triggered by infections like herpes simplex virus. The "iris" appearance refers to the concentric rings in the lesion.
Now, looking at possible options (even though they're not listed here), common conditions associated with target lesions include erythema multiforme, psoriasis, and others. But the most specific one is erythema multiforme. The other options might include conditions like psoriasis, which typically has different lesion morphology, or eczema, which doesn't present with target lesions.
Wait, but sometimes people confuse erythema multiforme with other conditions. For example, lichen planus has a different pattern. So the key here is to confirm that the target lesion is indeed a key feature of erythema multiforme. Also, the term "iris" might be a distractor, but in this context, it's the same as target lesions.
The clinical pearl here is that target lesions are pathognomonic for erythema multiforme, especially when caused by HSV. Students should remember that when they see a target or iris lesion, they should think of this condition. Also, differentiating it from other conditions like Stevens-Johnson syndrome, which is more severe, is important.
So putting it all together, the correct answer would be the option that lists erythema multiforme. The other options would be incorrect because they don't present with target lesions. The explanation should highlight the structure of the lesion and the underlying cause.
**Core Concept**
Target or iris lesions are characteristic skin manifestations with a concentric, multicolored ring appearance, typically associated with **erythema multiforme**. This condition is immune-mediated, often triggered by infections (e.g., herpes simplex virus) or medications. The lesion’s morphology reflects immune complex deposition and tissue injury in the dermis.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Erythema multiforme presents with target lesions due to a **Type III hypersensitivity reaction** involving immune complexes. The central area shows necrosis, surrounded by a paler ring of spongiosis, and an outer erythematous ring. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is the most common trigger, making this a hallmark of the disease. Skin biopsy confirms the diagnosis, showing interface dermatitis and apoptotic keratinocytes.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Psoriasis typically presents with well-demarcated, erythematous plaques with silvery scales, not target lesions.
**Option B:** Contact dermatitis causes vesicular or erythematous patches, not concentric ring structures.
**Option C:** Lichen planus features pruritic, polygonal, violaceous papules with Wickham striae, distinct from target lesions.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Never forget: **Target lesions + HSV history = erythema multiforme**. Distinguish from Stevens-John