**Core Concept**
The question is testing the student's knowledge of the muscles involved in the process of swallowing, specifically the movement of the tongue during this process. The correct answer requires an understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the oropharyngeal phase of swallowing.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is the **Genioglossus** muscle. This muscle is a major extrinsic muscle of the tongue, responsible for its elevation and retraction. During swallowing, the genioglossus muscle contracts to pull the tongue upwards and backwards, preventing food from entering the airway. This action is crucial for the safe passage of food through the pharynx.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** The **Hyoglossus** muscle is responsible for depressing and retracting the tongue, not elevating and retractor it.
* **Option B:** The **Styloglossus** muscle is responsible for elevating and retracting the tongue, but it is not the primary muscle responsible for pulling the tongue upwards and backwards during swallowing.
* **Option C:** The **Palatoglossus** muscle is responsible for elevating the posterior part of the tongue and the palate, not pulling the tongue upwards and backwards during swallowing.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The genioglossus muscle is an important muscle to consider in patients with dysphagia, as weakness or paralysis of this muscle can lead to aspiration and other swallowing disorders.

**Correct Answer:** B. Styloglossus.