Syndrome which is associated with increase susceptibility to HPV infection is :
First, I need to recall which syndromes are linked to HPV. I remember that certain immune deficiencies make people more vulnerable to infections like HPV. For example, HIV is a big one because it weakens the immune system. But the question is about a syndrome, not a disease. Syndromes are usually genetic or autoimmune disorders.
Wait, there's a specific syndrome called DiGeorge syndrome. DiGeorge is associated with thymic hypoplasia and T-cell deficiency. Since T-cells are crucial for immune response, their deficiency would make someone more susceptible to viral infections, including HPV. Another possibility is Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, which is an X-linked disorder affecting the immune system. But DiGeorge is more commonly associated with thymus issues.
Also, Chédiak-Higashi syndrome is another immunodeficiency, but it's more about phagocytic cells. Celiac disease or other autoimmune conditions might not directly relate to HPV. So DiGeorge syndrome is the likely answer here. Let me confirm: DiGeorge is T-cell deficiency, leading to increased infections. HPV is a virus, so T-cell mediated immunity is important. Therefore, DiGeorge would be the correct answer. The other options might be other syndromes like Down's or Turner's, but those aren't specifically linked to HPV.
So the correct answer should be DiGeorge syndrome. Let me check the options again. The user didn't list them, but the correct answer is probably option C or D. Assuming the options include DiGeorge, then that's the right choice. The clinical pearl here is that T-cell deficiencies increase susceptibility to viral infections like HPV, so DiGeorge is a key syndrome to remember for exams.
**Core Concept**
This question tests knowledge of **immunodeficiency syndromes** and their association with **papillomavirus (HPV)** susceptibility. **DiGeorge syndrome**, a **chromosomal deletion syndrome**, causes **T-cell deficiency**, impairing antiviral immunity and increasing risk for infections like HPV.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
**DiGeorge syndrome** (22q11.2 deletion) is characterized by **thymic hypoplasia**, leading to **T-cell lymphopenia**. Since **CD4+ T cells** and **CD8+ cytotoxic T cells** are critical for controlling HPV infections, their deficiency results in **chronic or severe HPV-related conditions** (e.g., warts, cervical dysplasia, oropharyngeal cancer). The syndrome also includes **hypocalcemia** (from parathyroid hypoplasia) and **cardiac defects**.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** *Down syndrome* (trisomy 21) is not linked to HPV susceptibility; it is associated with congenital heart defects and leukemia.
**Option B:** *Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome* (X-linked) causes eczema, thrombocytopenia, and B/T-cell dysfunction, but it is not specifically tied to HPV.
**Option D:** *Ataxia-telangiectasia* (autosomal