During surgical removal of the tongue _____ part of the lingual artery is ligated before it gives any branches to tongue or tonsils:
## **Core Concept**
The lingual artery is a branch of the external carotid artery that supplies blood to the tongue. It has several branches, including the sublingual artery, the dorsal lingual arteries, and the deep lingual artery, which form the lingual arch. Ligation of the lingual artery is sometimes necessary during surgical procedures to control bleeding.
## **Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct approach for ligation before it gives any branches to the tongue or tonsils involves identifying the part of the lingual artery that is proximal to its branches. The lingual artery originates from the external carotid artery and initially runs a short course, often referred to as the **first part** or the **proximal part**, before giving off its branches. Ligation at this point (**first part**) would prevent bleeding from branches that supply the tongue and tonsils.
## **Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
- **Option A:** This option is incorrect because it does not specify the correct part of the lingual artery that should be ligated to prevent branches to the tongue or tonsils.
- **Option B:** Similarly, this option does not accurately describe the appropriate part for ligation.
- **Option D:** This option is also incorrect as it does not correspond with the anatomical description relevant to the ligation point.
## **Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key point to remember is that during surgical removal of the tongue (glossectomy), control of bleeding is crucial. The lingual artery's **first part**, before it gives off branches to the tongue, is the site for ligation to effectively control potential bleeding from the tongue and tonsillar areas.
## **Correct Answer:** B. first part.