All of the following statements are true regarding sumatriptan except
**Core Concept**
Sumatriptan is a selective serotonin receptor agonist used in the treatment of migraine headaches. It belongs to a class of medications known as triptans, which work by constricting blood vessels and blocking pain pathways in the brain.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Sumatriptan has a relatively low oral bioavailability of around 14-15%, not 99%. This is due to extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver, which significantly reduces the amount of the drug that reaches the systemic circulation. The correct bioavailability of sumatriptan is an important consideration in clinical practice, as it affects the dosing and administration of the medication.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option B:** Sumatriptan is indeed contraindicated in coronary artery disease, as it can increase the risk of myocardial infarction. This is due to its vasoconstrictive effects, which can increase the workload on the heart and worsen coronary artery disease.
* **Option C:** Sumatriptan does constrict cranial vessels, which is a key mechanism of its action in relieving migraine headache pain. This vasoconstriction helps to reduce blood flow to the affected area and alleviate symptoms.
* **Option D:** Sumatriptan is indeed a selective 5-HT 1B/1D receptor agonist, which is responsible for its therapeutic effects in treating migraine headaches. This selectivity allows the drug to target specific serotonin receptors in the brain, reducing the risk of side effects.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
When prescribing sumatriptan, it is essential to consider the patient's medical history, particularly any cardiovascular conditions. A thorough assessment of the patient's risk factors can help healthcare providers make informed decisions about treatment and minimize the risk of adverse effects.
**β Correct Answer: A. It has 99% oral bioavailability**