Sulfur donor in phase II Detoxification is –
**Core Concept**
The phase II detoxification process involves the conjugation of lipophilic substances to more water-soluble compounds, facilitating their excretion from the body. This phase involves the action of various enzymes, including sulfotransferases, glucuronyltransferases, and glutathione transferases. The question is specifically asking about the sulfur donor involved in this process.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is **Glutathione**. In phase II detoxification, glutathione acts as a sulfur donor, transferring its sulfhydryl group to electrophilic compounds, thereby neutralizing their toxicity. This reaction is catalyzed by glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), a family of enzymes that play a crucial role in the detoxification of various xenobiotics. The glutathione-sulfur bond formed in this process is relatively stable, allowing the conjugate to be excreted from the body.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because it is not a sulfur donor in phase II detoxification.
**Option B:** This option is also incorrect because it is not directly involved in the phase II detoxification process as a sulfur donor.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because it is not a correct sulfur donor in phase II detoxification.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Glutathione is an important antioxidant in the body, playing a crucial role in protecting cells from oxidative damage. Its depletion can lead to various diseases, including liver disease and cancer. Therefore, it is essential to maintain glutathione levels in the body to ensure proper detoxification and protection against oxidative stress.
**Correct Answer:** C. Glutathione.