From 2005, WHO introduced stepwise approach to surveillance of noncommunicable disease risk factors termed STEPS, as a pa of global surveillance strategy aiming to monitor emerging patterns and trends worldwide and contain and reduce noncommunicable diseases. Ref: Commonwealth Health Ministers Update, 2011 By Philip D Ose, Page 43; Epidemiology and Demography in Public Health By Japhet Killewo, Pages 99-100