Stenosis of aqueduct of sylvius results in?
**Core Concept**
The aqueduct of Sylvius is a narrow canal in the midbrain that connects the third and fourth ventricles in the brain. Stenosis or blockage of this aqueduct can disrupt the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) between the ventricles, leading to an accumulation of CSF in the third ventricle and subsequent increase in intracranial pressure.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The stenosis of the aqueduct of Sylvius leads to hydrocephalus, specifically non-communicating or obstructive hydrocephalus. This occurs due to the impaired flow of CSF from the third to the fourth ventricle, causing a buildup of CSF in the third ventricle. The increased pressure can lead to enlargement of the lateral and third ventricles, potentially resulting in symptoms such as headache, nausea, vomiting, and even visual disturbances.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is not directly related to the stenosis of the aqueduct of Sylvius. While hydrocephalus can be a result of various conditions, the specific cause mentioned in the question is the blockage of the aqueduct.
**Option B:** This option may seem plausible, but it is not the most accurate description of the condition caused by stenosis of the aqueduct of Sylvius. Hydrocephalus is the correct term, but the question specifically asks for the result of stenosis, not the broader term hydrocephalus.
**Option D:** This option is incorrect as it describes a different condition altogether. Normal-pressure hydrocephalus is characterized by symptoms such as gait disturbance, dementia, and urinary incontinence, often in the absence of increased intracranial pressure.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It is essential to remember that the aqueduct of Sylvius is a narrow structure that can be easily obstructed, leading to non-communicating hydrocephalus. This condition can be diagnosed using imaging studies such as MRI or CT scans, and treatment options may include shunting procedures or endoscopic third ventriculostomy.
**Correct Answer: C. Hydrocephalus.**