All of following statements are true regarding non-invasive prenatal screening(NIPT) test except :
**Core Concept**
Non-invasive prenatal screening (NIPT) is a blood test that analyzes cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from a pregnant woman's blood to screen for chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus. This test is primarily used for detecting conditions such as Down syndrome, trisomy 13, and trisomy 18.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
NIPT tests work by analyzing cfDNA, which is made up of fragments of DNA from the placenta. These fragments are present in the mother's bloodstream and can be used to detect chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus. The test is non-invasive, meaning it does not require a sample of amniotic fluid or a tissue sample from the fetus. This makes it a safer alternative to traditional prenatal diagnostic tests.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because NIPT tests are not limited to screening for chromosomal abnormalities. They can also detect sex chromosome abnormalities, such as Turner syndrome.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because NIPT tests are not limited to detecting conditions that are associated with advanced maternal age. They can detect conditions that are associated with younger maternal ages as well.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because NIPT tests are not limited to detecting conditions that are associated with a family history of chromosomal abnormalities. They can detect conditions that are not associated with a family history.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
NIPT tests have a high sensitivity and specificity for detecting chromosomal abnormalities, but they should not be used as a definitive diagnostic tool. A positive result should be followed up with further testing, such as amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling (CVS), to confirm the diagnosis.
**Correct Answer:**
(Note: The correct option is missing, please provide the correct option for the given question)