Which of the following statements about ‘Low’ Radial nerve palsy is not TRUE?
First, I need to recall what low radial nerve palsy is. The radial nerve has two main parts: high and low. High radial nerve palsy affects the suprarenal branch and usually causes wrist drop and sensory loss. Low radial nerve palsy, on the other hand, involves the posterior interosseous nerve (PIN), which is a branch of the radial nerve. So the key here is to differentiate between the two.
The question is asking which statement is not true. So I need to remember the features of low radial palsy. The posterior interosseous nerve is purely motor, supplying the extensor muscles of the forearm (like extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor indicis). Unlike high radial palsy, low radial palsy does not cause sensory loss because PIN doesn't have sensory fibers. So a true statement about low radial palsy would be absence of sensory loss. If an option says there's sensory loss, that's incorrect.
Another point is the location of the injury. High radial palsy is usually from upper arm injuries (like humeral shaft fractures), while low radial palsy is from forearm injuries, often due to compression (like from a cast or in patients who use crutches). So if an option mentions sensory loss or wrist drop as a feature of low radial palsy, that's incorrect. Wrist drop is more associated with high radial palsy because it affects the wrist extensors. Low radial palsy affects finger and thumb extension, leading to inability to extend fingers, not the wrist.
Now, possible distractors (wrong options) could include: sensory loss (wrong), wrist drop (wrong), or involvement of suprarenal branch (wrong). The correct answer would be the one that states a feature not true for low radial palsy.
So for the explanation, the core concept is the difference between high and low radial nerve palsy. The correct answer would be the statement that claims sensory loss or wrist drop in low radial palsy. The wrong options are incorrect because they either confuse high and low palsy features or misattribute the nerve branches involved.
Clinical pearl: Remember that low radial nerve palsy (PIN) is motor-only, no sensory loss. High radial palsy involves sensory loss and wrist drop. Mnemonic: "Low and dry, high and wet" β low has no sensation, high has both motor and sensory.
**Core Concept**
Low radial nerve palsy involves injury to the **posterior interosseous nerve (PIN)**, a motor branch of the radial nerve. It primarily affects **forearm extensors** (e.g., extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum), leading to **finger and wrist extension deficits** but sparing sensation. High radial palsy, by contrast, involves sensory loss and wrist drop.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The **posterior interosseous nerve (PIN)**, a terminal motor branch of the radial nerve, innervates extensor muscles but has **no sensory fibers**. Thus, low radial palsy causes **pure motor deficits** (e.g., inability to extend fingers) **without sensory loss