Which statement is FALSE regarding specific learning disorders (SLD)
**Core Concept**
Specific learning disorders (SLD) are a group of neurodevelopmental conditions that affect an individual's ability to acquire and apply academic skills, despite having average or above-average intelligence. They are characterized by difficulties in specific areas such as reading, writing, mathematics, or speaking.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer, **D. Includes students did well in academic testing but not in intelligence testing**, is false because specific learning disorders are typically characterized by difficulties in academic skills, despite average or above-average intelligence. This means that students with SLD would likely struggle with academic testing, not excel in it. Intelligence testing, on the other hand, assesses general cognitive abilities and is not directly affected by SLD.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** The estimates of the prevalence of SLD range from 3-10.6%, not 1096. This option is incorrect because it provides a highly exaggerated estimate of the prevalence of SLD.
**Option B:** SLD is indeed a type of neurodevelopmental dysfunction, as it affects the development of academic skills in individuals with average or above-average intelligence. This option is correct, but it's not the false statement being asked about, so we won't consider it further.
**Option C:** Terms such as dysgraphia or dyscalculia have been widely recognized and used to describe specific learning disorders. This option is correct and does not describe a false statement.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key aspect of SLD is that they are not due to lack of motivation or poor teaching, but rather to difficulties in processing and applying academic information. It's essential to recognize the individualized nature of SLD and provide targeted support to help students overcome their specific challenges.
**Correct Answer Line**
β Correct Answer: D. Includes students did well in academic testing but not in intelligence testing.