Which of the following conditions disappear spontaneously in first year of life ?
**Core Concept**
In the first year of life, several congenital or acquired conditions may resolve spontaneously due to developmental maturation, anatomical changes, or immunological adaptation. This phenomenon is often observed in conditions that are transient or self-limiting.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
One such condition that disappears spontaneously in the first year of life is **Bleeding Tendency due to Platelet Count Increase in Physiologic Thrombocytopenia of the Newborn (PTPN)**. PTPN is a benign condition characterized by a temporary decrease in platelet count in newborns, which usually resolves within the first week of life. As the infant grows and matures, the platelet count normalizes, and the bleeding tendency disappears spontaneously.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** **Hemangioma** is a vascular tumor that typically appears in the first few months of life and may take several years to resolve spontaneously. It does not disappear within the first year of life.
* **Option B:** **Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)** is a condition that may persist beyond infancy and can be a chronic condition requiring long-term management.
* **Option C:** **Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)** is a genetic disorder that can lead to hormonal imbalances and requires lifelong management. It does not resolve spontaneously in the first year of life.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
In infants, a transient decrease in platelet count may be a normal variant, and a thorough investigation is not always required unless there are symptoms of bleeding or other complications.
**Correct Answer: B. Physiologic Thrombocytopenia of the Newborn (PTPN).**