40 years male with spherophakia is at risk for developing
**Core Concept**
Spherophakia is a congenital or acquired condition characterized by the formation of a small, spherical lens in the eye, often due to zonular fiber defects. This condition can lead to various complications, including angle-closure glaucoma, due to the abnormal lens shape.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Phacomorphic glaucoma is a type of angle-closure glaucoma that occurs due to the lens-iris diaphragm becoming apposed, resulting in increased intraocular pressure. The spherical lens in spherophakia can cause the lens-iris diaphragm to become apposed, leading to a blockage of the anterior chamber angle and subsequent angle-closure glaucoma. This condition is often associated with a shallow anterior chamber, which is a hallmark of phacomorphic glaucoma.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Phacolytic glaucoma is a type of secondary glaucoma that occurs due to lens protein leakage into the anterior chamber, typically in the setting of a mature or hypermature cataract. This condition is not directly related to spherophakia.
**Option B:** Phacoanaphylactic glaucoma is a rare type of glaucoma that occurs due to an immune response to lens protein, often following an intraocular lens implantation or trauma. This condition is not typically associated with spherophakia.
**Option D:** Obscuration of disc margins is a clinical finding that can occur due to various conditions, including optic disc edema or atrophy. While spherophakia can lead to increased intraocular pressure, obscuration of disc margins is not a direct consequence of this condition.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Spherophakia is often associated with other systemic conditions, such as Marfan syndrome or homocystinuria, which can affect the integrity of the zonular fibers and lead to lens subluxation or dislocation.
**β Correct Answer: C. Phacomorphic glaucoma**