**Core Concept**
The question is testing the association between maternal diabetes and congenital heart defects. Maternal diabetes is a well-known risk factor for various congenital anomalies, particularly those affecting the cardiovascular system.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The most specific cardiac anomaly seen in babies born to diabetic mothers is Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS). This condition is characterized by underdevelopment of the left side of the heart, including the mitral valve, left ventricle, and aortic valve. The pathophysiology is thought to be related to the increased glycosylation of proteins and altered gene expression in the developing fetus, leading to abnormal cardiac development.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** Tetralogy of Fallot is a cyanotic congenital heart defect, but it is not as specifically associated with maternal diabetes as HLHS.
* **Option B:** Transposition of the Great Arteries is another congenital heart defect, but it is not as strongly linked to maternal diabetes as HLHS.
* **Option D:** Patent Ductus Arteriosus is a common congenital heart defect, but it is not as specifically associated with maternal diabetes as HLHS.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
HLHS is a critical congenital heart defect that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. It is essential to recognize the association between maternal diabetes and HLHS to provide timely and effective care for affected infants.

**Correct Answer:** C. Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome