**Core Concept**
Sociology is the scientific study of human social behavior, relationships, and institutions within societies. It examines the structure, development, and dynamics of social systems, including social norms, values, and institutions.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Sociology focuses on understanding how social factors influence individual behavior and how social systems shape human experiences. It draws from various disciplines, including anthropology, psychology, economics, and history, to analyze social phenomena. Sociologists use empirical research methods to investigate social issues, such as inequality, social change, and cultural diversity.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Sociology is not primarily concerned with individual psychology, although it may intersect with psychological theories.
**Option B:** While sociology does examine social institutions, it is not solely focused on their economic aspects.
**Option C:** Sociology is not a branch of philosophy, although it may borrow philosophical concepts and theories.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key aspect of sociology is its emphasis on understanding social context and its impact on individual behavior. This perspective is essential in healthcare, where social determinants of health play a significant role in shaping patient outcomes.

**Correct Answer: B. The study of the development, structure, and dynamics of human social behavior.**