Side effect of clomiphene citrate is:(1995)
## **Core Concept**
Clomiphene citrate is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) primarily used in the treatment of infertility in women. It acts by binding to estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus, which leads to an increase in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion, and subsequently, an increase in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels. This results in the stimulation of ovarian follicle growth and ovulation.
## **Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer, **Ovarian cancer**, is associated with clomiphene citrate because long-term use of clomiphene has been linked to an increased risk of ovarian cancer. This is a recognized side effect, although the overall risk remains relatively low. Clomiphene's mechanism of action, involving estrogen receptors, may contribute to this risk.
## **Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
- **Option A:** This option is blank and does not provide a valid choice for evaluation.
- **Option B:** This option is also blank and cannot be assessed.
- **Option C:** Similarly, this option is blank and lacks information for analysis.
## **Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key point to remember about clomiphene citrate is that it is used for inducing ovulation in women with anovulatory disorders. However, its use is generally recommended for a limited duration (typically up to 6 cycles) due to the potential risk of **ovarian cancer** with prolonged use. Monitoring for side effects and ensuring the lowest effective dose and duration are crucial.
## **Correct Answer:** D. Ovarian cancer.