**Core Concept**
Adenoma sebaceum is a cutaneous manifestation of a systemic disease, characterized by the growth of facial angiofibromas, also known as adenoma sebaceum. This condition is associated with a genetic disorder that affects multiple organ systems.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Adenoma sebaceum is a hallmark feature of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC), a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the TSC1 or TSC2 genes. These mutations lead to the activation of the mTOR pathway, resulting in the growth of benign tumors in various organs, including the skin, brain, and kidneys. The facial angiofibromas of adenoma sebaceum are thought to arise from the abnormal growth of fibroblasts and blood vessels in the dermis.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** Adenoma sebaceum is not associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), a different genetic disorder characterized by the growth of neurofibromas and café-au-lait macules.
* **Option B:** Adenoma sebaceum is not a characteristic of tuberous sclerosis in infants, although infantile subependymal giant cell astrocytomas are a feature of the disease in this age group.
* **Option C:** Adenoma sebaceum is not a feature of von Recklinghausen's disease, a condition characterized by the growth of neurofibromas and other skin lesions.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex is an autosomal dominant disorder, meaning that a single copy of the mutated gene is sufficient to cause the disease. It affects approximately 1 in 6,000 births and is often diagnosed in childhood, although it can also present in adulthood.

**Correct Answer:** B. Tuberous Sclerosis