A screening test must satisfy all of the following given criteria except:-
**Core Concept**
A screening test is a preliminary examination used to detect potential health problems or diseases in a population. It is designed to identify individuals who may require further evaluation or testing. Screening tests are typically applied to large groups of people and are often used in public health programs to prevent or control disease.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
A screening test must satisfy the following criteria:
- **Sensitivity**: The test should be able to detect most of the people with the disease (high true positive rate).
- **Specificity**: The test should be able to identify most of the people without the disease (high true negative rate).
- **Predictive values**: The test should have high positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV).
- **Cost-effectiveness**: The test should be cost-effective and feasible to administer in a large population.
However, a screening test does not need to satisfy **Option D: High accuracy**. While accuracy is an important characteristic of a screening test, it is not a strict requirement. A screening test with high sensitivity and specificity may still have a relatively low accuracy if it is not perfectly correlated with the disease.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** Sensitivity is a crucial characteristic of a screening test, as it determines the test's ability to detect most of the people with the disease.
* **Option B:** Specificity is also essential, as it ensures that the test can identify most of the people without the disease.
* **Option C:** Predictive values are important in evaluating the test's performance, as they indicate the likelihood of a positive or negative result in relation to the disease.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
When evaluating a screening test, it is essential to consider its sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values, as these characteristics determine the test's ability to detect and exclude disease.
**Correct Answer:** D. High accuracy.