**Core Concept**
The elderly woman's symptoms are indicative of a side effect commonly associated with antipsychotic medications, specifically the extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) caused by dopamine receptor blockade. EPS includes a range of movement disorders, such as dystonia, akathisia, parkinsonism, and tardive dyskinesia.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic with a distinct pharmacological profile that minimizes the risk of EPS. This is due to its relatively weak affinity for dopamine D2 receptors, which are primarily responsible for the blockade leading to EPS. Additionally, Clozapine has a higher affinity for serotonin 5-HT2A receptors, which may contribute to its lower propensity for EPS. As a result, Clozapine is often considered a safer option for patients at risk of developing EPS.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Haloperidol is a typical antipsychotic with a strong affinity for dopamine D2 receptors, making it a likely culprit behind the patient's EPS symptoms. Its high potency and low potency equivalents, such as Fluphenazine (**Option C**), also share this characteristic, increasing the risk of EPS.
**Option D:** Loxapine is a typical antipsychotic that, although having a unique dual-action profile (both antipsychotic and antidepressant effects), still carries a risk of EPS due to its dopamine receptor blockade.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Remember that atypical antipsychotics, such as Clozapine, are generally considered safer options for patients at risk of developing extrapyramidal symptoms, but it's essential to monitor patients closely for any signs of EPS, even with these medications.
**β Correct Answer: B. Clozapine**
Free Medical MCQs Β· NEET PG Β· USMLE Β· AIIMS
Access thousands of free MCQs, ebooks and daily exams.
By signing in you agree to our Privacy Policy.