**Question:** Which of the following sequel happens in Schistosomiasis of Bladder?

A. Hematuria
B. Ureteric obstruction
C. Urinary incontinence
D. Hydronephrosis

**Core Concept:** Schistosomiasis is a parasitic infection caused by flatworms of the genus Schistosoma. It primarily affects the liver, lungs, and bladder. In bladder schistosomiasis, the worms lay eggs that can cause inflammation, fibrosis, and obstructive lesions, leading to the described sequelae.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right:** Schistosomiasis of the bladder primarily results in hematuria (A) due to the direct invasion of the parasite and egg deposition. Additionally, the eggs can cause ureteric obstruction (B), leading to hydronephrosis and renal damage. The bladder inflammation may cause impaired bladder emptying, leading to urinary incontinence (C). Hydronephrosis may occur as a result of ureteric obstruction (D).

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**

- Option C (Urinary incontinence) is less likely as the primary sequel of bladder schistosomiasis. While bladder dysfunction may occur, the primary sequela is usually hematuria and hydronephrosis.
- Option D (Hydronephrosis) may be present due to ureteric obstruction (option B), but it is not the primary sequela of bladder schistosomiasis.

**Clinical Pearl:** Schistosomiasis is a common infection in endemic areas, and a thorough knowledge of its clinical manifestations is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management. Atypical presentations, such as hematuria and hydronephrosis, should raise suspicion for this infection, especially in endemic regions.