Rubella vaccination is contraindicated in all except –
**Core Concept**
Rubella vaccination is a live, attenuated vaccine used to prevent rubella (German measles) infection. It is contraindicated in certain individuals due to the risk of transmission of the vaccine virus to susceptible individuals, particularly those with weakened immune systems.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is D, as pregnancy is the only contraindication to rubella vaccination. This is because the live, attenuated vaccine can cause rubella infection in the fetus, potentially leading to congenital rubella syndrome. Women of childbearing age are typically vaccinated only if they have been proven not to be pregnant.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Pregnancy is a contraindication to rubella vaccination, so it is incorrect to choose this option.
**Option B:** Individuals with immunodeficiency disorders, such as HIV/AIDS, are at increased risk of complications from the vaccine virus and are typically contraindicated from receiving live vaccines.
**Option C:** Women who are breastfeeding can receive live vaccines, including the rubella vaccine, as the vaccine virus does not pose a risk to the infant.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Rubella vaccination is generally safe and effective, but it is essential to consider the contraindications to avoid potential harm to susceptible individuals.
**Correct Answer:** D. Pregnancy.