Intravenous resuscitation is needed for any child with burn greater than:
**Core Concept**
The question is testing the Parkland formula, which is used to calculate the amount of fluid required for resuscitation in burn patients. This formula is based on the total body surface area (TBSA) of the burn and is used to prevent shock and promote wound healing.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The Parkland formula recommends intravenous resuscitation for children with burns greater than 10% TBSA. This is because burns to this extent can lead to significant fluid loss through the skin, resulting in hypovolemia and potentially life-threatening shock. The formula calculates the total amount of fluid required for the first 24 hours, with half of it administered in the first 8 hours after the burn injury.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This value is too low, as burns smaller than 5% TBSA are typically managed with topical treatment and do not require IV resuscitation.
**Option B:** This value is incorrect because burns between 5-10% TBSA may require IV resuscitation, but it is not a clear-cut indication.
**Option C:** This value is too high, as burns larger than 20% TBSA require aggressive resuscitation and may require more than the Parkland formula recommends.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The Parkland formula is a widely used guideline, but it is not a substitute for clinical judgment. The actual amount of fluid required may vary depending on the age, weight, and overall health of the patient.
**Correct Answer:** D. 20%