Gene for the ryanodine receptor, mutation in which is responsible for malignant hypehermia is located on which chromosome-
**Core Concept**
The ryanodine receptor is a calcium channel located on the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle cells. Mutations in the gene encoding the ryanodine receptor can lead to malignant hyperthermia, a life-threatening medical emergency.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Malignant hyperthermia is caused by an abnormal release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, leading to muscle rigidity, fever, and metabolic acidosis. The gene for the ryanodine receptor is encoded on chromosome 19, and mutations in this gene can lead to malignant hyperthermia. The ryanodine receptor is activated by halogenated anesthetics, which can trigger the abnormal release of calcium ions.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This option is incorrect because the gene for the ryanodine receptor is not located on chromosome 1.
* **Option B:** This option is incorrect because the gene for the ryanodine receptor is not located on chromosome 7.
* **Option D:** This option is incorrect because the gene for the ryanodine receptor is not located on chromosome 20.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Malignant hyperthermia is a genetic disorder that can be triggered by exposure to certain anesthetics, and it requires immediate treatment with dantrolene to prevent fatal outcomes.
**Correct Answer:** C. 19