Renal cell carcinoma is related to gene located on chromosome ?

**Core Concept**
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a type of cancer that originates in the lining of the proximal convoluted tubule, a part of the small tubes in the kidney that transport waste molecules from the blood to the urine. The **VHL gene**, a tumor suppressor gene, plays a crucial role in the development of RCC. Genetic alterations, such as mutations or deletions, can lead to the development of RCC.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The **VHL gene** is located on the short arm of **chromosome 3** (3p25-26). Mutations or deletions of the **VHL gene** can lead to the development of RCC, particularly the clear cell type. The **VHL gene** is involved in the regulation of hypoxia-inducible factors, which are important for cellular responses to hypoxia.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Incorrect because the **VHL gene** is not located on this chromosome.
**Option B:** Incorrect because the **VHL gene** is not located on this chromosome.
**Option D:** Incorrect because the **VHL gene** is not located on this chromosome.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
RCC is often associated with **von Hippel-Lindau disease**, a genetic disorder characterized by the development of tumors in multiple organs, including the kidney. The **VHL gene** mutation is a key factor in the development of RCC in these patients.

**Correct Answer:** D. 3