Reliable method of identification of person is ?
**Core Concept**
The question is testing the ability to identify a reliable method of person identification, which is a crucial aspect of forensic medicine and medical ethics. The correct answer involves a unique biological characteristic that can be used to distinguish one individual from another.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is based on the principle of genetic uniqueness, where every individual has a distinct DNA profile. DNA profiling involves analyzing specific segments of an individual's DNA, known as short tandem repeats (STRs), which are highly variable between individuals. This variability makes DNA profiling a reliable method for identifying individuals. The process involves extracting DNA from a biological sample, amplifying specific STRs using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and then analyzing the resulting DNA fragments using techniques such as capillary electrophoresis.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Fingerprinting is a method of personal identification, but it is not considered as reliable as DNA profiling, as fingerprints can be altered or destroyed.
**Option B:** Iris scanning is a method of biometric identification, but it is not as reliable as DNA profiling, as iris patterns can be altered or damaged.
**Option C:** Blood group typing is a method of identifying an individual's blood type, but it is not as specific as DNA profiling, as multiple individuals can share the same blood type.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It is essential to note that DNA profiling is a highly sensitive and specific method of identification, and it is widely used in forensic medicine and medical ethics to establish identity and solve crimes.
**Correct Answer: D. DNA profiling**